Spectroscopy peculiarities of thermal plasma of electric arc discharge between electrodes with Zn admixtures

Plasma of the free burning electric arc between Ag–SnO₂–ZnO composite electrodes as well as brass electrodes were investigated. The plasma temperature distributions were obtained by Boltzmann plot method involving Cu I, Ag I or Zn I spectral line emissions. The electron density distributions were obtained from the width and from absolute intensity of spectral lines. The laser absorption spectroscopy was used for measurement of copper atom concentration in plasma. Plasma equilibrium composition was calculated using two independent groups of experimental values (temperature and copper atom concentration, temperature and electron density). It was found that plasma of the free burning electric arc between brass electrodes is in local thermodynamical equilibrium. The experimental verification of the spectroscopic data of Zn I spectral lines was carried out.     

LIPS-200离子推力器放电室原初电子动力学行为的数值模拟研究

为了得到试验测量不到的气体放电过程中电磁场作用下单个原初电子的动力学行为,建立了LIPS-200离子推力器放电室二维仿真模型,应用网格粒子法(PIC)和蒙特卡洛碰撞(MCC)模拟法对其进行了研究。模拟得到在额定工况下原初电子和中性原子之间的碰撞概率、原初电子损耗率、电磁场分布对其运动速度及运动轨迹的影响等。结果表明磁铁表面磁感强度最大,越靠近放电室内部磁感强度越小,对称轴区域无磁场分布,原初电子在电磁场作用下沿磁力线作加速螺旋运动;运动等离子体的自洽电势大小范围仅为0~2.0V,几乎不会影响等离子体运动;对应总原初电子个数为1.2×106时直接被阳极表面吸收的损耗率仅为0.02%。     

Flow separation control on swept wing with nanosecond pulse driven DBD plasma actuators

A 15° swept wing with dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator is designed.Experimental study of flow separation control with nanosecond pulsed plasma actuation is performed at flow velocity up to 40 m/s. The effects of the actuation frequency and voltage on the aerodynamic performance of the swept wing are evaluated by the balanced force and pressure measurements in the wind tunnel. At last, the performances on separation flow control of the three types of actuators with plane and saw-toothed exposed electrodes are compared. The optimal actuation frequency for the flow separation control on the swept wing is detected, namely the reduced frequency is 0.775, which is different from 2-D airfoil separation control. There exists a threshold voltage for the low swept wing flow control. Before the threshold voltage, as the actuation voltage increases, the control effects become better. The maximum lift is increased by 23.1% with the drag decreased by 22.4% at 14°, compared with the base line. However, the best effects are obtained on actuator with plane exposed electrode in the low-speed experiment and the abilities of saw-toothed actuators are expected to be verified under high-speed conditions.     

送粉方式对等离子喷涂NiCrAlY/ Al2 O3涂层介电性能的影响

以内送粉和外送粉两种方式微弧等离子喷涂工艺制备了NiCrAlY/Al_2O_3复合涂层,分析了送粉方式对涂层相组成、微观结构和介电性能的影响。结果表明:与外送粉相比,内送粉方式沉积的涂层具有较高的沉积效率和较低的孔隙率。由于喷涂过程中α-Al_2O_3颗粒完全熔融,内送粉喷涂所得到涂层主要为γ/γ′和γ-Al_2O_3相,并且涂层结构致密,NiCrAlY颗粒分布均匀。介电性能测试表明,以外送粉方式制备的涂层复介电常数实部和虚部几乎不随频率发生变化。而以内送粉方式喷涂的涂层复介电常数实部和虚部随频率的增加而降低,呈现明显的频散现象。     

电弧加热发动机羽流电子温度及电子数密度的双静电探针测量

研制了一套双静电探针测量系统,对以氩气为推进剂的1kW级电弧加热发动机羽流进行了测量,得到了电子温度和电子数密度的轴向和径向分布,以及随弧电流、气流量的变化趋势。结果表明,羽流显著偏离局域热力学平衡状态,电子温度呈现复杂的分布和变化趋势。羽流轴线上的电子温度明显低于偏离轴线处的值,而电子数密度远高于偏离轴线处的值;羽流轴线上的电子温度随弧电流的增加而降低,电子数密度随弧电流的增加而增加;羽流中心区电子温度随气流量的变化趋势不明显。     

霍尔推力器等离子体磁鞘特性

为进一步研究霍尔推力器壁面二次电子发射对发动机性能的影响,建立流体模型数值模拟了霍尔推力器磁化二次电子等离子体的鞘层特性,采用Sagdeev势的方法得到了鞘层的玻姆判据,以这个判据为鞘层边界条件数值讨论了磁场、二次电子发射以及不同等离子体对推力器等离子体鞘层结构的影响。结果表明,磁场和二次电子发射系数的增加都将使鞘层中粒子密度增加,鞘层电势升高,鞘层厚度减小;对于氩和氙二种等离子体,氙等离子体产生的鞘层势垒高,粒子密度大,鞘层厚度增加。这些结果直接影响推力器的电子传导机制及性能。     

稳态等离子体推力器羽流仿真及其对微波的衰减和相移作用

为了评估稳态等离子体推力器（SPT）羽流对微波造成的衰减和相位变化,使用二维轴对称的PIC-DSMC方法,在空间及室压6mPa的真空舱两种环境下,计算了SPT-100羽流场中的电子分布。在此基础上,通过分析特征频率和计算衰减因子、相位常数,估算了2,4,8,12.5GHz共4个频率微波穿过羽流场时的衰减量和相移。8GHz和12.5GHz微波未发现明显的衰减,相移为10°～120°。2GHz和4GHz微波在喷口附近衰减量范围为10～50dB。仿真结果表明,C波段和S波段在SPT羽流中容易发生衰减,而X波段以上的高频微波衰减量很小,同时这几个波段微波均发生较大相移。真空舱内6mPa背压下对衰减量的预测仅略高于实际飞行情况,但微波相移会有较大误差。     

国外卫星推进技术发展现状与未来20年发展趋势

新形势下航天技术的发展对推进技术提出了更高的要求,无论在技术的广度和深度上都是前所未有的,如15年以上静止轨道卫星和8年以上低轨道卫星对高性能长寿命推进系统的要求、电推进技术的应用、微小卫星轨道保持的应用和深空探测对先进推进技术的依赖等。本文从先进化学推进技术、电推进技术、微推进技术和新概念推进技术4个方面分析了国外卫星推进技术的发展状况,总结了未来20年卫星推进技术的发展趋势,给出了对我国今后技术发展的启示。     

氩工质连续激光加热推力器的数值仿真

对氩气工质的连续激光推力器内加热与流动过程进行数值模拟,建立了包含激光吸收、化学反应、高温效应、黏性、扩散、热传导以及辐射效应等物理机制的模型.推力室内二维轴对称流场采用可压缩Navier-Stokes方程描述,用SIMPLEC(semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equa...     

Electron density inversed by plasma lines induced by suprathermal electron in the ionospheric modification experiment

Incoherent scatter radar (ISR) is the most powerful ground-based measurement facility to study the ionosphere. The plasma lines are not routinely detected by the incoherent scatter radar due to the low intensity, which falls below the measured spectral noise level of the incoherent scatter radar. The plasma lines are occasionally enhanced by suprathermal electrons through the Landau damping process and detectable to the incoherent scatter radar. In this study, by using the European Incoherent Scatter Association (EISCAT) UHF incoherent scatter radar, the experiment observation presents that the enhanced plasma lines were observed. These plasma lines were considered as manifest of the suprathermal electrons generated by the high-frequency heating wave during the ionospheric modification. The electron density profile is also obtained from the enhanced plasma lines. This study can be a promising technique for obtaining the accurate electron density during ionospheric modification experiment.